Publications des étudiants du PhD

A ce jour, la littérature consacrée à la prise de décision dans les organisations démocratiques s’est focalisée avant tout sur leurs organes de gouvernance et processus formels. C’est vrai des études portant sur les organisations démocratiques traditionnelles telles que partis politiques, syndicats, coopératives et associations, axées sur l’activité des bureaux, conseils d’administration et assemblées générales. C’est vrai également des études portant sur les organisations apparentées à des mouvements sociaux telles que collectifs féministes et groupes d’affinité anarchistes, axées sur les processus de décision par consensus. Dans cet article, nous visons par conséquent à documenter la contribution jusqu’ici négligée de la communication informelle à la démocratie organisationnelle. Pour ce faire, nous mobilisons un cadre théorique pragmatiste – autour des notions d’enquête et de communauté d’enquête – et une méthodologie ethnographique, et les appliquons à l’étude de Scopix, une coopérative de salariés caractérisée par un égalitarisme très appuyé. L’analyse des processus de décision entourant deux problématiques particulièrement sensibles pour les coopérateurs nous permet de montrer que : 1/ l’enquête est déclenchée par une atteinte perçue à l’égalité entre coopérateurs ; 2/ la progression de l’enquête passe par l’élargissement de la communauté d’enquête à l’ensemble des coopérateurs ainsi qu’à des personnes extérieures à la coopérative voire à des acteurs non-humains ; 3/ la clôture de l’enquête vient provisoirement verbaliser le rapport de forces entre les coalitions que l’enquête a fait émerger. En donnant à voir le rôle crucial joué par la communication informelle dans la prise de décision, nos résultats contribuent à offrir une compréhension de la démocratie organisationnelle plus équilibrée et fidèle à la réalité, telle qu’elle se pratique au quotidien.

Academic research and market reports show that women consume less meat than men do, and they are more likely to be vegetarian/vegan. Drawing on the literature on food-gender stereotypes, we tested the gendered perceptions associated with a vegan diet across two experimentations conducted online with omnivorous United-States participants. Experiment 1 (n = 146) showed that participants that read the description of a man that follows by choice a vegan diet, perceived him as less masculine than those who read the same description for an omnivorous male. Femininity evaluation was not affected by the target’s diet. Experiment 2 (n = 132) found that when the gender of a target with either a vegan or omnivorous diet was not revealed to the participants, individuals intuitively thought that the target was more likely to be a woman when depicted as vegan and more likely to be a man when presented as omnivorous.

The present essay looks into what people supposedly are to be included. In modernity, there is a new ethos based on the management of loitering. This ethos begins as a professional vocation of managers, but spreads into the very subjective constitution of workers. It happens through an ontology of systems, that treats potentially everyone as includable into the borders of the system. We address this operation by unveiling its historical character as the inversion of the biblical tale of the Good Samaritan, from one that teaches one to trust their instincts into one that teaches to silence them. The operation is realized by means of institutional creed, which consists, on the one side, in the belief in institutionalization as the best way to address problems of collective human life, and on the other, in a refusal or incapability to envision the problems institutionalization creates. This has made human lives predictable through recursive inclusiveness through a nomos, constantly legitimizing institutions.

"What do I do with a degree in creativity?" This question is a variant of "What's in it for me," the question we all ask when faced with change. This book examines the question of why one might pursue the formal study of creativity, with 30 stories of actual applications of creativity, creative problem solving, and change leadership, told by those who studied at SUNY Buffalo State's International Center for Studies in Creativity. The 30 stories are presented in five parts, each reflecting one area touched by studying creativity: personal growth and transformation, careers and callings, business and organizational creativity, education, and applications of creativity. In these chapters you will find a story or two (or ten) that resonate with you, and help you to answer the question for yourself. Why Study Creativity helps you to discover the value for you in studying and applying creativity in your life and work.